Diplomacy 4.0: Resources on Diplomacy and Artificial Intelligence (Updated 01/24)

Here is an updated version of the blog post Artificial Intelligence and Diplomacy resources, including Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools, webpages, videos, studies, and articles. 
 
I added a new section about courses on AI and diplomacy. There is also information about using Machine Learning for teaching and learning.
 
Please share new ones in the comment section!
 
You can also read my blog posts about the subject here:

• Diplomacy and Technology: The future is happening now (January 18, 2023) 
• Digital Diplomacy 4.0: The Future is Now (May 2, 2023) 
• Digital Diplomacy 4.0: Tech Diplomacy (May 8, 2023) 
• Digital Diplomacy 4.0: The Basics of Artificial Intelligence (June 7, 2023) 
• Digital Diplomacy 4.0: How Artificial Intelligence is changing Diplomacy? (August 20, 2023)
• Diplomacy 4.0: The Rise of Artificial Intelligence as a Subject of Diplomatic Negotiations (November 20, 2023)
• Diplomacy 4.0 Navigating the AI Era: Geopolitics, Diplomacy, and the Power of Artificial Intelligence(December 28, 2023)

 
AI tools and application/experiments/usage


Diplo AI Writer @ DiploFoundation is a DiploFoundation artificial intelligence writer who publishes blog posts about the subject, including the DiploFoundation AI Diary.
 
HumAInism by DiploFoundation has some AI tools related to diplomacy and arts.
 
Can ChatGPT Explain Geopolitics? is an exercise to compare two essays and test if you can identify the one written by AI. It is published by Foreign Policy magazine.
 
Interactive webpage about the cost of AI in different languages (Tokenization fairness).
 
Webpages of research centers and institutions


Artificial Intelligence and Diplomacy by DiploFoundation. 

Artificial Intelligence by Digwatch (Geneva Internet Platform)

AI Now Institute.

Center for AI and Digital Policy

Center for the Advancement of Trustworthy AI

Deloitte AI Institute for Government

Global Index on Responsible AI
 
Global Partnership for AI

Institute for Ethics in AI at the University of Oxford 
 
MILA, Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute

OECD AI Observatory

Partnership on AI

The AI Index. Stanford University Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence 
 
Tech Policy Press.


UN-related sites


Road Map for Digital Cooperation  and its updated road map) 

Office of the Secretary-General’s Envoy on Technology webpage

Global Digital Compact (May 2023)

High-Level Advisory Body on Artificial Intelligence and its Interim Report: Governing AI for Humanity (December 2023)
 
Summit of the Future

UNESCO´s Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence


Videos

Artificial Intelligence and Diplomacy Webinar. UNITAR and UOC. (2023, February 15).

AI and Diplomacy: Challenges and opportunities. UNITAR (2023, May 10)

Integrating Artificial Intelligence into an Embassy’s Public Diplomacy Workflows. Center on Public Diplomacy (2023, October 18) 
 
Technologies of Tomorrow: A Conversation with Dr. Eric Schmidt. Carnegie Endowment (2023, January 11).
 
DiploFoundation´s webdebates
 
Will AI take over diplomatic reporting? WebDebate #56. DiploFoundation (2023, February 7).

What role can AI play in diplomatic negotiation? WebDebate #57. DiploFoundation (2023, March 7).

How to Train Diplomats to Deal with AI and Data? WebDebate #58. DiploFoundation (2023, April 4).

What Can We Learn About AI Ethics and Governance from Non-Western Thought? WebDebate #59. DiploFoundation (2023, May 2).

AI for Peacemaking: new tools and opportunities for mediators. WebDebate #30. DiploFoundation (2019, June 19).

AI on the international agenda - where do we go from here? WebDebate #26. DiploFoundation (2018, December 4).


Studies and articles


Adebahr, C. (2023, October 11). Why AI will Change the Core of Foreign Policymaking. Global Policy.
 
Allen, G. (2022, October 11). Choking off China´s Access to the Future of AI. Center for Strategic & International Studies. 
 
Bjola, C. (2019, October 19). Diplomacy in the Age of Artificial Intelligence. Real Institute Elcano.

Bjola, C. (2020). Diplomacy in the Age of Artificial Intelligence. EDA Working Paper. Emirates Diplomatic Academy.

Bjola, C. & Manor, I. (2023, April 25). ChatGPT: The end of diplomacy as we know it. Global Policy.

Bremmer, I. & Kupchan, C. (2022, January 3). Risk 2: Technopolar World. Top Risks 2022. p. 5-6. Euroasian Group.
 
Cesareo, S. & White, J. (2023, June 23). The Global AI Index. Tortoise Media. 
 
Cocking, S. (2016, September 19). Using algorithms to achieve digital diplomacy. A conversation with Elad Ratson, Director of R&D at Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Irish Tech News.

Corvalan, J. G. (2023). Propuesta de regulación y recomendaciones de inteligencia artificial en el mundo: sintesis de principales aspectos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. 
 
Cuéllar, M.-F. & Sheehan, M. (2023, June 19). AI Is Winning the AI Race. Foreign Policy.
 
Deloitte AI Institute for Government & Google Cloud. (2022). Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Modernize American Statecraft.

Davies, H., Mckernan, B., and Sabbagh, D. (2023, December 1). ´The Gospel´: how Israel uses AI to select bombing targets in Gaza. The Guardian.
 
Department of State. (2023, October). Enterprise. Artificial Intelligence Strategy FY2024-FY2025: Empowering Diplomacy thought Responsible AI.  
 
Dickow, M. and Jacob, D. (2018). The Global Debate on the Future of Artificial Intelligence. Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik [SWV] Comment No. 23, p. 7.

Digwatch (n.d). GGE -Group of Governmental Experts- on lethal autonomous weapons systems. Digwatch.
 
Digwatch. (2019, February 5). Artificial intelligence and diplomacy: A new tool for diplomacy? EVENT REPORT. Digwatch. Geneva Internet Platform.

Digwatch. (2023, July 17). UN Security Council convenes to discuss AI risks. Digwatch. Geneva Internet Platform.

Digwatch (2023, December 25). UN General Assembly adopted resolution on Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems or LAWS. Digwatch.
 
DiploFoundation. (2019). Mapping the challenges and opportunities of artificial intelligence for the conduct of diplomacy. DiploFoundation and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland.

DiploFoundation. (2023, May 3). First full AI-reporting from the UN meeting. DiploFoundation blog.

DiploFoundation. (2023, May 3). AI-based report of United Nations Security Council debate marks start of a new era in multilateral diplomacy. DiploFoundation blog.

Elia Valori, G. (2023, July 8). Artificial Intelligence and the New World Order (1). Modern Diplomacy.

Elia Valori, G. (2023, July 30). AI and the new world order: Economy and war (2). Modern Diplomacy.

European Migration Network. (2022). The use of digitalisation and artificial intelligence in migration management: Joint EMN-OECD Inform.
 
Farrow, R. (2023, August 21). Elon Musk´s Shadow Rule. How the U.S. government came to rely on the tech billionaire—and is now struggling to rein him in. The New Yorker. 
 
Feás, E. (2023, February 2). La guerra tecnológica EEUU-China y sus efectos sobre Europa. Real Instituto Elcano. 
 
Galeotti, M. (2023, January 7). The age of AI diplomacy. The Spectator.

Giles, K. (2023, September 12). Tech giants hold huge sway in matters of war, life and death. That should concern us all. The Guardian. 
 
Government AI Readiness Index 2022.

Heaven, W. D. (2023, December 19). These six questions will dictate the future of generative AI. MIT Technology Review.
 
Henshall, W. (2023, Oct 23). What the U.N.’s AI Advising Group Will Do. Time. 

IBM Global AI Adoption Index 2022. 

Jacobs. S (2023, September 7). Time 100 Most Influential People on AI. Time.

Jafarova, L. (2023, August 1). Artificial Intelligence and Digital Diplomacy. E-International Relations.
 
Keohan, C. & Kralev, N. (2022, August 7). Want to Be a Diplomat? You Must Make it Past and A.I.’ Gateway’. Diplomatic Diary blog. Washington International Diplomatic Academy.

Kurbalija, J. (2017, May 9). The impact of big data on geopolitics, negotiations, and diplomacy. DiploFoundation Blog. (Updated August 7, 2022).
 
Kurbalija, J. (2023, May 1). Why might AI cause more ´lost in translation´ worldwide? DiploFoundation Blog.

Kurbajila, J. (2023, June 12). The case for bottom-up AI. Al Jazeera.

Kurbalija, J. (2023, August 1). What can Socrates teach us about AI and prompting? DiploFoundation Blog.

Kurbalija, J. (2023, November 8). How can we deal with AI risks? DiploFoundation Blog. 

Kurbalija, J. (2023, December 28). AI and Digital in 2023: From winter of excitement to autumn of clarity. DiploFoundation Blog
 
Laferrière, H. & McPherson, A. (2019, April 24). Augmented Decision-Making @ IRCC. Presentation to the Symposium on Algorithmic Government. Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada.

Lazard Geopolitical Advisory. (2023, October). Geopolitics of Artificial Intelligence. 
 
Lederer, E. (2023, July 3). UN Council to hold first meeting on potential threats of artificial intelligence to global peace. AP News.

Liu, S. & Patton, D. (2023, December 22). China bans export of rare earths processing tech over national security. Reuters. 
 
Manor, I. (2023, February 21). The AI Moves In: ChatGPT’s Impact on Digital Diplomacy. Exploring Digital Diplomacy Blog.

Manor, I. (2023, March 30). ChatGPT and the Future of Diplomacy. Exploring Digital Diplomacy Blog.

Manor, I. (2023, April 4). ChatGPT and the Future of Diplomacy - Part 2. Exploring Digital Diplomacy Blog.

Manor, I. (2023, April 18). ChatGPT and the Future of Diplomacy - Part 3. Exploring Digital Diplomacy Blog.

Manor, I. (2023, June 15). AI’s Impact on Public Diplomacy. Exploring Digital Diplomacy Blog.

Manor, I. (2023, June 27). The Many Races that will shape AI. Exploring Digital Diplomacy Blog.

Manor, I. (2023, July 4). Real Fakes and the Future of Diplomacy. Exploring Digital Diplomacy Blog.

Manor, I. (2023, August 15). Towards the Strategic Use of AI in Diplomacy. Exploring Digital Diplomacy blog.

Marcus, G. (2023, November 23). Critical national security questions should not be decided unilaterally by unelected tech leaders. Marcus at AI.
 
Mahrenbach, E. (Ed.). (2023). Governing Artificial Intelligence. Global Policy
 
Maslej, N., Fattorini, l., Brynjolfsson, E., Etchemendy, J., Ligett, K., Lyons, T., Manyika, J., Ngo, H., Niebles, J. C., Parli, V., Shoham, Y., Wald, R., Clark, J., & Perrault, R. (2023, April). The Artificial Intelligence Index 2023 Annual Report. Stanford University Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence.
 
Matania, E. & Sommer, U. (2023, November 20). Tech titans, cyber commons and the war in Ukraine: An incipient shift in international relations. International Relations, 0 (0). https://doi.org/10.1177/00471178231211500
 
McCaffrey, C. R., Jones, O., Krumbmüller, F., & Bell, D. (2022; December). 2023 Geostrategic Outlook. Ernest and Young Parthenon.
 
McCaffrey, C. R., Jones, O., & Krumbmüller, F. (2023, December). 2024 Geostrategic Outlook. Ernest and Young Parthenon.
 
Morini Bianzino, N., Delarue. M.-L., Maher, S., Koene, A., Kummer, K., & Hassan-Szlamka, F. (2023, September 27). The Artificial Intelligence (AI) global regulatory landscape. Ernest and Young Global.
 
O´Neil, L (2023, August 12). The Truth in Tech: These Women Tried to Warn Us about AI. Rolling Stone.

Ortega, A. (2020, Diciembre 9). El pulso mundial por el dominio de los semiconductors. Real Instituto Elcano
 
Pavel, B., Ke, I., Spirtas, M., Ryseff, J., Sabbag, L., Smith, G., Scholl, K., & Lumpkin, D. (202) AI and Geopolitics: How Might AI Affect the Rise and Fall of Nations? Rand Corporation. 
 
Peirano, M. (2023, October 17). The double life of artificial intelligence. On automata, symbolic models, neural networks and machine learning: a brief history of AI. CCCB Lab.
 
Petrov, A., La Malfa, E., Torr, P. H.S., & Bibi, A. (2023, May 17). Language Model Tokenizers Introduce Unfairness Between Languages. ArXiv:2350.1542.

Ponzio, R., Nudhara Yusuf, N., Mallinson, F. & Shahrukh, M. (2023). Future of International Cooperation Report 2023. The Stimson Center, Doha Forum, and Global Institute for Strategic Research. 
 
René, G., Sayegh, P., Petersen, C., Pletts, C., Richardson, D., Stockburger, P., & Tanenblatt, E. (2023, July). The Future of Global AI Governance. Verses.  
 
Sauer, P. (2023, Sept. 8). Elon Musk ´committed evil´ with Starlink order, says Ukrainian official. The Guardian.
 
Schmidt, E. (2022). AI, Great Power Competition & National Security. Daedalus, 151(2), p.288-298. https://doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_01916.
 
Scolari, C.A. (2023, February 7). Artificial Intelligence: Half Wanting, Half Fearing 
How will new AI-based tools change the way we think and perceive the world? CCCB Lab.
 
Scott, B., Heumann, S., & Lorenz, P. (2018). Artificial Intelligence and Foreign Policy. Stiftung Neue Veranwortung.
 
Shahbaz, A., Funk, A., Brody, J., Vesteinsson, K., Baker, G., Grothe, C., Barak, M., Masinsin, M., Modi, R., & Sutterlin, E. (eds.) (2023). Freedom on the Net 2023: The Repressive Power of Artificial Intelligence. Freedom House.
 
Sheehan, M (2022, October 27). Biden’s Unprecedented Semiconductor Bet. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. 
 
Stanford University. (n.d.). Global AI Vibrancy Tool. Who is leading the global AI race? Stanford University Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence. 
 
Stanzel, V. & Voelsen, D. (2022). Diplomacy and Artificial Intelligence Reflections on Practical Assistance for Diplomatic Negotiations. SWP Research Paper.

Strachan, G. & Manor, I. (2023, July 14). ‘I can be a bastard too’- ChatGPT’s Real Contribution to Diplomacy. Exploring Digital Diplomacy Blog.

Tacheva, J. and Ramasubramanian, S. (2023). AI Empire: Unraveling the interlocking systems of oppression in generative AI’s global order. Big Data and Society, 10(2), p. 1-13.  https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517231219241
 
Tarar, Z. (2023, February 23). Analysis - Could AI change the business of diplomacy? The Diplomatic Pouch at Medium.

Tarar, Z. (2023, February 27). Analysis - Which AI tools should diplomats use today? The Diplomatic Pouch at Medium.

Tarar, Z. (2023, August 28). Analysis - Harnessing AI for diplomacy: Five tools to make your work easier. The Diplomatic Pouch at Medium.

Teleanu, S (2023, August 21). A journey of discovery: Using simulation and AI to teach and learn about digital governance. DiploFoundation Blog.

US Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy. (2023, June 14). The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Public Diplomacy: ACPD Official Meeting Minutes, June 14, 2023. 
 
Williams, A., Micali, M. & Gebru, T. (2022, October 23). The Exploited Labor Behind Artificial Intelligence. NOEMA.

Williams, R. & Otto, L. (2022). Artificial Intelligence as a Tool of Public Diplomacy: Communication between the United States and Iran. The Thinker 90(1) p. 28-40.

Voo, J., Hemani, I. & Cassidy, D. (2022, September). National Cyber Power Index 2022. Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School. 
 
Courses
 
Artificial Intelligence: Technology, Governance, and Policy Frameworks online course offered by DiploFoundation. Starts February 19, 2024. 
 
Artificial Intelligence for Beginners – A Curriculum offered by Microsoft. 
 
IA para todos (AI for everyone) offered by DeepLearning.AI at Coursera, thought by Andrew Ng. (some parts are offered in several languages). 
 
IBM: AI for Everyone: Master the Basics offered by edX. 
 
Machine learning and AI offered by Google (includes several courses). 
 
Information about using AI for teaching and learning

Mollick, E. (2022, December 13). How to…use AI to teach some of the hardest skills.  One Useful Thing blog.

Mollick, E. (2023, January 24). The practical guide to using AI to do stuff. One Useful Thing blog.

Mollick, E. (2023, March 17). Using AI to make teaching easier & more impactful. One Useful Thing blog.

Mollick, E. (2023, July 15). How to Use AI to Do Stuff: An Opinionated Guide. One Useful Thing blog.

Mollick, E. Video series on Practical AI for Teachers and Students. YouTube.

UNESCO. (2023). Technology in Education: A Tool on Whose Terms? Global Education Monitoring Report. UNESCO
 
 
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